The list is neither exhaustive nor particularly recent, but certainly it shows this is nothing new - there has never been protection for journalists who will not comply with a court order to reveal their sources.
The good ones will refuse to reveal them anyway, and face any consequences.
I fully agree. If James Risen testifies, his journalistic career is over. If I was a somebody like James Risen is[1], I would not even think twice before holding any court of law in contempt[2].
Yes, and that's what journalists want to mean when they promise to protect their sources.
Now, a state might have a shield law (I believe most do), but they don't apply at the federal level. Anyways, that there is not federal shield law is why journalists generally make a big deal out of them protecting their sources. If it was a matter of course, a protection they were guaranteed, then it really wouldn't be a big deal. It would be a meaningless platitude.