i'm not sure what problem you're talking about - someone reproduced the results with separate code and data, so what's to worry about? (i don't mean that because it was confirmed it was ok, but rather that if it had been wrong, we would have known in the end... after all, people make mistakes all the time - science is a collective enterprise that relies on many overlapping, interlocking pieces)
[Yeah, didn't I share an office with you 15 years ago? :-) ]
But data can't always be reproduced - Shoemaker-Levy won't hit Jupiter again any time soon, and while big results will cause a rush for verification, the little steps are usually believed as is. Moreover astronomy is a special case where - let's face it - if we go down the wrong path for a decade or so, nobody's bleeding.
Take on the other hand the processing of climate data - if crap engineering (not malice) causes garbage to come out of the data, this is a problem for everybody. So I think the OP is right in that proper auditing of computer-processed science data should be possible, I was just pointing out that it's not as hard (technically) as people think to achieve.
i'm not sure what problem you're talking about - someone reproduced the results with separate code and data, so what's to worry about? (i don't mean that because it was confirmed it was ok, but rather that if it had been wrong, we would have known in the end... after all, people make mistakes all the time - science is a collective enterprise that relies on many overlapping, interlocking pieces)