If you don't care about the lengths of identifiers you can instead use a GUID. Otherwise you're down to compressed strings that slowly expand in length, and uniqueness tests on generation.
You might also want to append some random data onto each id you assign, to prevent malicious bots from just iterating through all the id's and doing evil on them.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Base_36
If you don't care about the lengths of identifiers you can instead use a GUID. Otherwise you're down to compressed strings that slowly expand in length, and uniqueness tests on generation.