I suspect it's very difficult to actually pull it off, but I wouldn't be surprised if it has happened once or twice.
My impression is that chasing people across several different systems is a relatively rare practice, since you're basically blind to what might be waiting for you when you jump after. Worse, you'd have to be giving the other player an impression that you're going to a specific destination and they'd have to notice that there's a faster route to begin with.
Plus, if someone jumps into a dilated node, they've managed to put themselves inside the crossfire of at least two very large fleets anyways.
Basically, the level of mind game necessary to even open the possibility of doing this makes it impractical at best.
No. Under Time Dilation, everyone on the node is affected equally. This gives you more reaction time, but your opponent gets the same benefit.
Edit: I see what you were saying now. Actually yes, I believe that there have been cases in which capital ships are tackled in TiDi systems. This puts them at a disadvantage since the corporation who captured them can quickly respond, and it takes them much longer to try and escape tackle.
