Greenland is not part of Europe. But they are part of "Rigsfællesskabet" (The Kingdom of Denmark). So part of Denmark but with a high degree of autonomy.
Regarding "European values", I think they are just Western values but with a twist away from the US version. In my layman view, that means: Europe values citizen privacy more, US values citizen freedoms more, Europe values environment more, US values businesses more.
Until recently I would have said Europe values diplomacy more, while US values military power more. But now I dont know about that.
But "European values" seems to be a non-statement.
Doesn't European also possibly mean St. Petersburg, Malta, Cyprus, Istanbul, Greenland, or Switzerland? I.e. being not the same as EU hosting?