I don't understand your comment. A google data center is much larger than an ntp server, but it's obviously not infinitely larger. As you know, if it was infinite capacity, then there would be no need for load balancing or load shedding.
And of course, load shedding low priority traffic is still a partial outage, it's just a less bad outage than load shedding high priority traffic. It does not fix lack of capacity, but it significantly lessens the negative effects of it.
You understand it if you think of engineering infinites rather than mathematical infinites. The capacity of a full single datacenter can be treated as infinite for most customers. I explained how its defined in the original comment. Amount of places in engineering where you treat even a 3 order of magnitude difference as infinite is a lot, but the number of order of magnitudes varies depending on context.
You don't have a single Google datacenter (or any other provider / big name) for a single tenant. The bigger the DC, the more the number of tenants/customers reaches "infinity" (giving the same meaning to "infinity" you are giving to it)
Sure there is infinite capacity given an infinite amount of time to scale up. I assert you’re leaving out the time dimension. Those so-called infinities are simply not accessible in a practical way since you’ll hit a wall in actually provisioning that capacity long before the data center runs out of compute.
And of course, load shedding low priority traffic is still a partial outage, it's just a less bad outage than load shedding high priority traffic. It does not fix lack of capacity, but it significantly lessens the negative effects of it.