Actually it's 1/4 of a month, which is defined by the moon.
Where does the 4 come from? Human artifice.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunar_phase
Does not line up perfectly with days, so different cultures handled that differently, but pretty much all cultures had something like a week.
Another arbitrary invention. Why not divide by 3? Or 5? Or any other magic number?
Actually it's 1/4 of a month, which is defined by the moon.