Human beings do a lot of learning over the course of life, so it's not at all implausible that the biological substrate fixed in all individuals in the Homo sapiens lineage for brain development is highly adaptable. But somehow folks forget this. To sum up what biological research is showing us, perhaps we should say that humans have software-modifiable hardware at initial installation.
Yeah, as far as I know (IANANS - I am not a nuero-scientist) learning anything alters connectivity, in fact most theories of knowledge/learning hypothesize that it is the very network of connectivity that underlies knowledge.
Changes in DTI measures, principally increases in fractional anisotropy (FA), have been observed following training programs as diverse as juggling, meditation, and working memory.
