[1]
TRACON approach and departure near to a specific airport, ~30-50 miles around an airport, excludes tower, excludes ARTCC a.k.a. "center" or en-route control. Tower controllers look out the window, and TRACON controllers are in a dark room with radar screens.
Other failures:
https://theaircurrent.com/aviation-safety/faa-knew-of-potent...
The gambit to solve the staffing issues by moving Newark's sector [1] from New York TRACON to Philadelphia TRACON:
https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/business-aviation/20...
[1] TRACON approach and departure near to a specific airport, ~30-50 miles around an airport, excludes tower, excludes ARTCC a.k.a. "center" or en-route control. Tower controllers look out the window, and TRACON controllers are in a dark room with radar screens.