I first encountered this problem when I started using a macOS Sequoia beta before its initial release, and the issue has persisted.
One way to reproduce the problem is to almost, but not completely, close your MacBook until the screen goes to sleep, then open it again. Sometimes the screen doesn't wake up.
However, turning off "Automatically Adjust Brightness" seems to fix the issue.
This problem occurs on my M3 MacBook Pro. Testing by turning the lights off and on shows that the ambient light sensor is working fine, so this is likely a software bug in macOS Sequoia.
