What switches enterprise or consumer tend to support this LLDP? My guess is maybe almost none on the consumer side. I.e. Netgear, to link. Cisco probably does. How about ubiquti?
Anything with a management interface (even web) could do it from the HW side, just a question of SW support. Netgear does support it on managed switches.
The protocol is old enough and very well established by now, even modern Windows boxes run it by default.
I know mikrotik supports this. On the higher end, most of the Dells switches I interacted with as well as Aruba had LLDP. Different manufacturers tend to report their interfaces slightly differently though
Nope, you need switch silicon with a driver that punts 01:80:c2:0:0:0e to cpu. A lot can do this but not all (generally a driver issue, not HW limitation.)