No it supports less actually. Obsidian is only a markdown editor, it does allow you to edit code fragments like code (so there is basic code highlighting, auto-tabbing etc) but that's it. I personally find this a lot easier in some cases. I find that sometimes if the code is too complicated that you need anything more than just "seeing" you probably need to break it further down to its atomic elements. For certain kinds of development, I do find myself needing to be in "programming groove" then I use Emacs. But other times, I accompany the code with a story and/or technical description so it feels like the end goal is to write the document, and not the code. Executable code is just a artifact that comes with it. It's definitely a niche application as far e.g. the industry goes.
I always wish they would take a hint from Emacs org mode and make notebooks more useful for development.