Section 6.2 of the paper says Google does traffic engineering (i.e. designating some traffic to be latency tolerant). That's just what solution 3 is in the article. For a single company, of course it can prioritize different traffic differently. It would be more troublesome for an ISP to do the same.
[0] - https://www.cs.princeton.edu/courses/archive/fall17/cos561/p...