For 4 (and sometimes 3), you need a mini-project for exploration. "After 2 month...

AnimalMuppet 73 days ago | parent | context | favorite | on: Ask HN: How to Estimate the Development Effort for...

For 4 (and sometimes 3), you need a mini-project for exploration. "After 2 months of work, then I'll be able to give you an estimate." Management never wants to hear that, but sometimes it's the truth.