`declaim` is just as implementation-dependant as the :type specifiers for defstruct, thus by lispm's rules, there are no 'standard' ways to apply type conditions.
The standard leaves it to the implementations/implementors to decide what to do. An implementation can check all these type constraints. It may not do it, for example, if code gets compiled with the opimization quality SAFETY of 0 (and possibly SPEED = 3) or similar. It may not do it all.
There are implementations which check these type constraints. So it is best to check the manual or ask the maintainers. IIRC there were implementations which added it on user requests.
But don't think all "Common Lisp" implementations will check those constraints, for example ABCL does not. Some don't and in others it can be turned off.
But then, the standard /is/ useless.