Israel, North Korea, India, Pakistan and Iran did not bother about NPT. KSA most likely has nukes as well. Japan can assemble one fairly quickly.
We also have international treaties for chemical and biological weapons. But big countries are known to engage in things like pathogen gain of function research.
> the doomer scenarios have looked increasingly far-fetched as the public has grown more accustomed to the limits and frustrations of today's available AI tools.
Really? I'd have thought the opposite. The more accustomed the public grows to any aspect of today's "AI" tools, the more likely becomes the threat of tomorrow.