Other commenter mentioned Hy, but what about Clojure? It is a lisp on top of Java, and all of its variants (Clojurescript -> Javascript, etc). Then there's Fennel (Lua) and others I can't remember right now.
Clojure sits on top of the JVM and allows for Java interop, but the language itself does not losslessly encode all of the semantics of Java. Same goes for ClojureScript and the other dialects.
The difference here is that the lisp's AST would need to map 1:1 with its underlying language.
