I think they called it an FST "Full Syntax Tree", which is probably very similar to a CST "Concrete Syntax Tree". At the time that moses was written, Python's internal AST hadn't sufficient code to mutate sufficiently for moses' designs.
> All program evolution algorithms tend to produce bloated, convoluted, redundant programs ("spaghetti code"). To avoid this, MOSES performs reduction at each stage, to bring the program into normal form. The specific normalization used is based on Holman's "elegant normal form", which mixes alternate layers of linear and non-linear operators. The resulting form is far more compact than, say, for example, boolean disjunctive normal form. Normalization eliminates redundant terms, and tends to make the resulting code both more human-readable, and faster to execute.
> The above two techniques, optimization and normalization, allow MOSES to outperform standard genetic programming systems.
> However, there is currently virtually no tool support for reasoning about Python programs beyond type safety.
> We present Nagini, a sound verifier for statically-typed, concurrent Python
programs. Nagini can prove memory safety, data race freedom, and user-supplied
assertions. Nagini performs modular verification, which is important for verifi-
cation to scale and to be able to verify libraries, and automates the verification
process for programs annotated with specifications.
I think they called it an FST "Full Syntax Tree", which is probably very similar to a CST "Concrete Syntax Tree". At the time that moses was written, Python's internal AST hadn't sufficient code to mutate sufficiently for moses' designs.
MOSES: Meta-Optimizing Semantic Evolutionary Search :
https://wiki.opencog.org/w/Meta-Optimizing_Semantic_Evolutio... :
> All program evolution algorithms tend to produce bloated, convoluted, redundant programs ("spaghetti code"). To avoid this, MOSES performs reduction at each stage, to bring the program into normal form. The specific normalization used is based on Holman's "elegant normal form", which mixes alternate layers of linear and non-linear operators. The resulting form is far more compact than, say, for example, boolean disjunctive normal form. Normalization eliminates redundant terms, and tends to make the resulting code both more human-readable, and faster to execute.
> The above two techniques, optimization and normalization, allow MOSES to outperform standard genetic programming systems.
opencog/asmoses: https://github.com/opencog/asmoses
MOSES outputs Combo (a LISP), Python as an output transform IIUC, and now Atomese with asmoses, which links to a demo notebook: https://robert-haas.github.io/mevis-docs/code/examples/moses...
Evolutionary algorithm > Convergence: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolutionary_algorithm#Converg...
/? mujoco learning to walk [with evolutionary selection / RL Reinforcement Learning] https://www.google.com/search?q=mujoco+learning+to+walk&tbm=...
...
Semgrep: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semgrep links to OWASP Source Code Analysis Tools: https://owasp.org/www-community/Source_Code_Analysis_Tools
But what's static analysis or dynamic analysis source code analysis without Formal Verification?
"Nagini: A Static Verifier for Python": https://pm.inf.ethz.ch/publications/EilersMueller18.pdf https://github.com/marcoeilers/nagini :
> However, there is currently virtually no tool support for reasoning about Python programs beyond type safety.
> We present Nagini, a sound verifier for statically-typed, concurrent Python programs. Nagini can prove memory safety, data race freedom, and user-supplied assertions. Nagini performs modular verification, which is important for verifi- cation to scale and to be able to verify libraries, and automates the verification process for programs annotated with specifications.
Deal > Formal verification > Background; Hoare logic, DbC Design by Contract, Dafny, Z3: https://deal.readthedocs.io/basic/verification.html#backgrou... :
> 2021. deal-solver. We released a tool that converts Python code (including deal contracts) into Z3 theorems that can be formally verified.