The main problem for Italy is its public debt [1][2]. The debt is so big that Italy can barely pay interests to stay within the boundaries defined by EU. This means there is no remaining money to fund growth.
That's fair, but I see that debt as a consequence, not as a direct cause. If not for a stupendously inefficient government, tax evasion and organized crime that debt would be far lower than it is and much easier to service. Though probably there are now positive feedback loops between these that essentially make it impossible fix the direct causes without being able to fix the debt first.
[1] In Italian: https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Storia_del_debito_pubblico_ita... [2] https://www.economist.com/special-report/2022/12/05/why-is-i...