Wikipedia traces it back to this [1] 2002 paper, which talks about translated documents having an "embedding space" in each language. I guess you could interpret their paper as both English and French being embedded in some larger space, which would make it a valid use of the mathematical term.
From there, people apparently just rolled with it and used the term more broadly, as tends to happen with language.
From there, people apparently just rolled with it and used the term more broadly, as tends to happen with language.
1: https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper/2002/file/d5e2fbef30a4e...