But this is about 380V DC which is not going into your living room anytime soon.
Sadly, it is less safe than AC. Automakers tried to increase DC voltage beyond 12V but it causes sparks that cause mechanical switches to fail. AC sparks are extinguished whenever the voltage wave crosses zero. Ubiquitous power DC needs high power/high voltage solid state switches to become cheaper and more reliable than mechanical ones. Perhaps SiC or GaN transistors will do eventually.
re: 12V automotive LV systems: it’s a little more nuanced than that. teslas cybertruck will be running a 48V LV system[1] and while relays fuses efuses and DCDC converters across the LV system have to be rated for higher voltages - you gain efficiency back with I^2R losses across the entire harness, and can drop your required wire gauge since the necessary current carrying capacity is reduced by 4.
So it’s a nuanced trade off, and if the industry shifts (which tesla is banking on since they’re the ‘leader’) then economies of scale can be reached with higher voltage fuses switches relays etc.
It is possible for high voltage DC to be made safe. Currently, techniques to do so are neither cheap nor off-the-shelf.
For example, imagine I want a 3000 volt DC wire to power a portable air conditioner. The air conditioner will be 10 kilowatts, so 3.3 amps. The wire can be thinner than headphone cables (two 0.3mm conductors, +-1500 volts, 150um PTFE coating) if desired.
Obviously, with such a thin insulation, the system needs to be human safe when chewed through by a baby. To ensure that, the current flow through the baby must be under 1 milliamp, or 10 milliJoules through the baby's heart. That can be ensured by tracking the current through each conductor, accurate to 1 milliamp, and shutting off the supply if there is ever more than 1 milliamp unaccounted for (either to earth, or to the other conductor). When the shutoff occurs, it must therefore happen within 1 microsecond (assuming the worst case fault, that is all three amps direct to the baby's heart). That in turn puts capacitance and therefore length limits on the cable - it wouldn't be possible for this cable to be safe longer than ~1000 feet.
TL;DR: It is very possible, with today's technology, to design very high voltage DC systems safe enough for use within a home. However, no hardware available off-the-shelf yet can do this, due to no demand.
Good catch with the capacitance. One then needs to consider parasitic capacitances to stuff outside cable, too. It might end up necessary to make cables with integrated protection circuits along whole length.
It is unlikely any future high voltage DC system would be sufficiently safe without tracking leakage current as I outlined. Partly because it is almost impossible to stop someone cutting through the insulation, however thick (eg. with a kitchen knife, lawnmower, fire, etc).
3000 volts DC is a "definitely dead" voltage, as opposed to current 110 volt AC systems which are "you'll probably survive" if you use a kitchen knife to cut through the insulation.
Given that you need the protection systems in place anyway, there isn't much point in thicker insulation, unless you like your cord being more cumbersome, heavier and more expensive.
Sadly, it is less safe than AC. Automakers tried to increase DC voltage beyond 12V but it causes sparks that cause mechanical switches to fail. AC sparks are extinguished whenever the voltage wave crosses zero. Ubiquitous power DC needs high power/high voltage solid state switches to become cheaper and more reliable than mechanical ones. Perhaps SiC or GaN transistors will do eventually.