Typically the licenses which don't qualify are non-commercial licenses or have rules about who can and can't use the software under those licenses, which makes them non-free/non-open source.
- https://spdx.org/licenses/BUSL-1.1.html
- https://spdx.org/licenses/SSPL-1.0.html
- https://spdx.org/licenses/Elastic-2.0
These are not OSI-approved, but some may argue could be considered 'effectively open source' for most use cases.
Typically the licenses which don't qualify are non-commercial licenses or have rules about who can and can't use the software under those licenses, which makes them non-free/non-open source.