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Well the classic work on sociology of mental illness is not about schizophrenia but about suicide (Emile Durkheim’s Suicide). The same types of social causes can be observed with schizophrenia, though, in the facts of geographic disparities in diagnosis as well as changes (usually increases in recent history) over time. See for example, how urban environments are more likely to give rise to schizophrenia [1].

Also recommend like I said Gregory Bateson’s work, or more recently books like The Myth of the Chemical Cure by Dr. Joanna Moncrieff.

The general point is that if we want to model causality we have to include the full system in question. If we narrow our perspective to an inner sub-system, then anything outside looks like an exogenous cause. But we may have to keep expanding wider and wider to get an accurate picture. Intervention can be done at any level of granularity, but the lower it is done, the more we’ll be missing on the root cause of damage, which is likely causing harm elsewhere too.

[1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5049530/




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