No. Classical fallacy: not using an ORM does NOT mean writing raw SQL strings. You can still use a library that helps will all the SQL specifics and even checks your schema for you at compile-time and help you abstract over common logic/operations.
This. In golang gorm has been nicely covering this area. It still feels like sql so you don't start abusing it as a nosql store but has good abstractions to apply common operations across several models instead of depending on too much magic!
No, usually linq is used in combination with an OEM (e.g. entity Framework) to avoid writing raw sql. From the parent comment, I thought he meant something more like sqlx for rust