This isn't a typical academic research paper but is from a University of Chicago researcher, and I think gives a great overview of failure modes of complex systems in general (software included): https://how.complexsystems.fail .
As someone who writes a lot of complex/evolving data analysis software that needs to work correctly, I find some of the considerations listed in the above to be immensely helpful.
Thanks, I will check it out better later, but it seems about runtime failures of complex systems, for instance because of stress or emergent behaviours. My goal is to find that fragility that is somewhat static, for instance: I have a bug in a complex codebase. I fix it in the best possible way. I end up with more bugs because of hidden dependencies and interconnections. This has happened to me multiple times. I need to study the problem of fragility to fixes in a way, not to other external conditions. But maybe the same reasoning as for other problematics apply
As someone who writes a lot of complex/evolving data analysis software that needs to work correctly, I find some of the considerations listed in the above to be immensely helpful.