This copy is confusing. What's the actual product that I could potentially buy? From the description here, this could be "just" AWS Lambda. I'm sure it's better in some way, but, like, how exactly?
"Supercloud", like "data lake" or even "cloud", is conceptual. What you buy are Cloudflare services like Workers, R2, Durable Objects, etc. Presumably, their Developer Week announcements will all be in support of this "Supercloud" idea.
I think this is key: "The theory of computing points away from dedicated machines (virtual or real) and to code and data that run on the Supercloud handling the details of code execution and data locality automatically and efficiently."
If they do, they probably shouldn't. They have open sourced the workers runtime and it is built on open standards. They also have 0 egress fees (unlike the other big cloud companies) so you shouldn't have any trouble transferring your data out if you want to migrate.