> Game theory (and several economic theories) suggest that relying on voluntary collective sacrifice is never going to work
It doesn't necessarily involve sacrifice though. Will your life be worse if you have 2 children rather than 3. Or even none instead of 2. For some people it will, but for many it won't. Will it be worse if your house is insulated and requires less energy to heat/cool? Will it be worse if we replace highways with public transit in cities? No, it'll likely actually better (even if you still need to drive, because they'll be less traffic).
It also doesn't need to be voluntary. We could mandate these changes, or strongly incentivise them through tax structures. Many countries have already started doing this in some limited cases.
We should certainly try to find cleaner ways to fuel consumption, because we're of course still going to need to consume a lot. But much like the easiest way (and often the only way) to make software faster is to make it do less work (while still achieving an equivalent or close enough to equivalent result), the easiest way to meet our energy needs in a clean way is to reduce our energy needs.
It doesn't necessarily involve sacrifice though. Will your life be worse if you have 2 children rather than 3. Or even none instead of 2. For some people it will, but for many it won't. Will it be worse if your house is insulated and requires less energy to heat/cool? Will it be worse if we replace highways with public transit in cities? No, it'll likely actually better (even if you still need to drive, because they'll be less traffic).
It also doesn't need to be voluntary. We could mandate these changes, or strongly incentivise them through tax structures. Many countries have already started doing this in some limited cases.
We should certainly try to find cleaner ways to fuel consumption, because we're of course still going to need to consume a lot. But much like the easiest way (and often the only way) to make software faster is to make it do less work (while still achieving an equivalent or close enough to equivalent result), the easiest way to meet our energy needs in a clean way is to reduce our energy needs.