American Crosswords are different in two key ways as I understand it:
Firstly, all "serious" British crosswords are "Cryptic" ie once you figure out what the answer is, it's apparent why that's the correct clue, but figuring out the answer from the clue involves lateral thinking and some skills learned from years of staring at such clues.
e.g. Private Eye's crossword 726 (back in April), clue 23 down,
"He finally gets to penetrate agreeable person (relatively) (5)"
The correct answer is "Niece". "Nice" can mean agreeable, the final letter of "He" is E, and so by having the letter E "penetrate" the word nice you produce "niece", a person who is a relative.
[ and yes, Private Eye is a satirical magazine, the crossword clues are, likewise, intended to make you a little uncomfortable while you laugh ]
Secondly, British crosswords are arranged with black "dead" squares between letters to produce more of a lattice, in which many letters only take part in one word, as a result longer answers are common
e.g. same crossword, clue 26 across is
"Figure on getting your teeth into our statistical revelations (6,9)"
Brit here. I woke up one morning – I was 15, so this was in the 90s – with the word ‘microdot’ in my head. The first thought, clear as anything, as if it was painted across the inside of my eyes. Microdot!
Puzzled, I didn’t move and set about figuring out why. Eventually I realised that I had solved, in my sleep, a crossword clue that I had not even gone to bed thinking about. I’d read it at my grandma’s house earlier the previous day.
Tiny picture makes computer work on time (8)
The brain is amazing. I’m not even any good at the cryptic crossword!
I like solving both American-style and cryptic crosswords now, but I never realized that the British called the black squares "dead squares" in English. In my experience, this term is never used in American English, but it's the term most often used in Brazilian Portuguese crosswords (casas mortas). To my knowledge, it's also not used in Spanish (cuadros negros/celdas negras), French (cases noires), or Italian (caselle nere).
I wonder how the dead-square terminology reached Brazil. I think the popularity of crosswords there was originally due to Italian immigrants, who might not have said "dead squares".
I've heard people call the "letters [that] only take part in one word" unches (an abbreviation for "unchecked squares").
I don't know if it would be usual to call these "dead" here that was just the obvious word for them to me, as someone with relatively little crossword ability and I didn't ask an expert. I lack whatever spark it is allows several of my friends to do cryptics with great success, in Private Eye for example once it enters my mind that somehow the answer might be the slightly childish "BOOBS" it might take me days to realise "BOSOM" fits the clue much better and aha, now I can solve an adjacent clue because that fourth letter is an O not a B...
“He finally” means the final letter of he. “Agreeable” means nice. “Penetrates” means put the e in nice. “Person (relatively)” means a relative, i.e. niece. Clues are basically always partitioned by the definition of the thing, and how to construct the thing. When the two agree you can be confidant you’ve got the right answer.
Firstly, all "serious" British crosswords are "Cryptic" ie once you figure out what the answer is, it's apparent why that's the correct clue, but figuring out the answer from the clue involves lateral thinking and some skills learned from years of staring at such clues.
e.g. Private Eye's crossword 726 (back in April), clue 23 down,
"He finally gets to penetrate agreeable person (relatively) (5)"
The correct answer is "Niece". "Nice" can mean agreeable, the final letter of "He" is E, and so by having the letter E "penetrate" the word nice you produce "niece", a person who is a relative.
[ and yes, Private Eye is a satirical magazine, the crossword clues are, likewise, intended to make you a little uncomfortable while you laugh ]
Secondly, British crosswords are arranged with black "dead" squares between letters to produce more of a lattice, in which many letters only take part in one word, as a result longer answers are common
e.g. same crossword, clue 26 across is
"Figure on getting your teeth into our statistical revelations (6,9)"
The answer was "Number Crunching".