I do not see anything in this that would not be resolved by a trivial database, and if you read the article that is what they have created: It is a private "blockchain" that only allows trusted participants, so doesn't require all the negative externalities of "blockchain".
The only thing "blockchain" about what Walmart has done is riding the absurd investor hype for anything with blockchain in the title.
The only thing "blockchain" about what Walmart has done is riding the absurd investor hype for anything with blockchain in the title.