Writing that you can always be fired without any reason is not entirely correct.
For anyone who's covered by "funktionærloven" (a law that covers pretty much all white collar employees who's not hired under a collective bargain), the employer can only terminate without cause in the first twelve months of employment.
Since an employee has a 3 month notice period after 6 months of employment, this means that after 9 months (3 months notice makes the employment longer than 12 months) the employer needs to provide reasonable cause for termination.
You are right of cause. I wrote "without any reason" bcs the reasonable cause for termination can be very loose. Bad fit, competence not needed etc. are enough. Unless the true reason is an illegal one like pregnancy and so on.
Generally an employee must have received at least one written warning before termination with a description of what they need to change and how. After that the employee needs to have enough time to make those adjustments before an employer can terminate
This is of course very dependent on what the warning is about. If an employee is showing up hours too late and is asked to be at the office on time, then an employer is (for the most part) allowed to fire them if they show up late the following day
If on the other hand the warning is about something like performance, then the employee has to have time to actually "perform" before they can be terminated
Anecdotally I've noticed an increasing amount of my colleagues who do not step up for themselves when employers break these agreements
This has emboldened some companies to be a bit too creative with their interpretation of the law because they think they can get away with it, so the type of "cause" you're describing definitely happens more than it should
> Anecdotally I've noticed an increasing amount of my colleagues who do not step up for themselves when employers break these agreements
Which is a good reason to join a union (IDA).
Personally, I've seen American companies both in and outside Denmark spend a lot more effort than necessary to fire someone.
Basically, because everybody is afraid of getting sued -- which is a great pretext for creating a healthy work environment :)
For anyone who's covered by "funktionærloven" (a law that covers pretty much all white collar employees who's not hired under a collective bargain), the employer can only terminate without cause in the first twelve months of employment.
Since an employee has a 3 month notice period after 6 months of employment, this means that after 9 months (3 months notice makes the employment longer than 12 months) the employer needs to provide reasonable cause for termination.