He accuses biologists for taking it for granted that future space exploration will be by biological humans. But then he himself has an equally strong assumption that it will be by a robotic life form.
He doesn't assume that "robotic life form[s]" would be more likely to perform future space exploration. He's written (before) about why he thinks that's much more likely.
He is the author of The Age of Em, which argues for this assumption and explores it. Of course it's speculation, but it's an explicit and expected bias in the context of this blog.
Lovely overview and critique. Richard K Hamming makes your point too in “The Art of Doing Science and Engineering: Learning to Learn”; chapter 2 on rates of progress and the trap of linear perception of exponential change. All looks linear over 10-20 years; but over 50-100 the “exponentiality” of change is shockingly obvious. It is then much easier to perceive the huge phase changes in technology, intelligence, meaning of life and of mind.
> possibility of artificial life at places other than planets, or made out of stuff other than carbon.
I have never heard anyone in physics describe silicon-based (or other) life as "artificial life". There is nothing more or less artificial about silicon-based life compared to carbon-based life. The best description for "artificial life" I can think of is life that is explicitly created by other life; second-order life. I am also not confident that humans aren't some higher-order life themselves.
I never said anything about likeliness, so I'm not sure who you are replying to. I don't care if carbon-based life is more abundant than silicon or methane or insert something else based life. If life emerges due to nothing other than the forces of nature, and not because of other life, then it's life. It's completely absurd to call silicon-based life that emerges naturally on some other planet "artificial". In fact, "natural selection" and "artificial selection" are two terms coined in biology for this exact distinction: that life can influence the outcomes of other life.
I agree, if something satisfies the conditions of life, then it's life. The distinction between artificial life and non-artificial life is completely anthropocentric. I could even argue that "artificial selection" is a loaded and meaningless term.
Unpopular opinion, but ALife is a stupid term. I think the people who coined it don't know anything about physics, biology, or chemistry. Probably just AI/ML/Robotics people who figured out how to do black-box calculus and think they know everything about the field of intelligence now.
He accuses biologists for taking it for granted that future space exploration will be by biological humans. But then he himself has an equally strong assumption that it will be by a robotic life form.