Before stating *how* fighter pilots make fast and accurate decisions, surely we need to study *if* fighter pilots make fast and accurate decisions? I mean, do they really? What evidence is there that pilots are great, or even above average, decision makers?
What we can say is that, in the engagement scenarios we believe are likely, certain pilots are better than others. And by better I mean that the opponent dies.
It is true that a computer will sometimes come up with stronger responses, even against strong human players, but it usually does this by choosing certain death for some of the pilots. While human pilots do accept certain death directions in combat (for example, to defend a high value asset like a trip transport), that still likely means that the planner failed. It's going to be interesting when we have robot planes; not only can they pull 10Gs for >10s, they can do it very quickly, and you can commit them to high risk engagements.
This thread is cargo culting hard. This is just a tool for making decisions in stressful situations buy forcing a separation of planning and acting so you don't flop around frantically. It's not a tool for organizations or your startup. Maybe it works for that but its applicability to you're startup should be proven independently.
OODA is related to other feedback-loop ideas like PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act, Deming/Shewart Cycle) which works at both a tactical and strategic level (but at obviously different tempos, if that's not obvious I don't know what to say). It should be seen primarily in contrast to two other options: Haphazard ad hoc, primarily reactive, approaches; long term commitments to plans that turn out to produce the wrong thing (because they lacked feedback, aka classic Waterfall).
A lot of the discussion here is assuming that the US military is good at what it does, but we've been losing for twenty years to people who live without electricity, so either the Taliban has a lightning fast OODA loop or the concept is basically useless as applied.
Guerrilla Warfare IS OODA/RPDM/Naturalistic Decision making/<insert any decision making acronym here> in action. All we are doing is emphasize on different stages and coming up with new acronyms. Decision Making is as old as mankind and the only constituents are flexibility in thinking, timing, delegation and action.