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There hasn't been a secure decentralized PoS protocol. Mostly they rely on one or more trusted validators. Cardano's Ouroboros is apparently the first secure decentralized PoS, that is mathematically proven to be as secure as Bitcoin. I don't know if that's true, but that's what they say.[0]

[0] Ouroboros - A Provably Secure Proof-of-Stake Blockchain Protocol https://eprint.iacr.org/2016/889.pdf



I looked into the “mathematical proof” a couple years ago, all I could find was hand waving and sleight of hand. This convinced me it was a scam.


I can't really understand their papers, but they've been published in peer-reviewed journals, so they're at least somewhat legit. And if it's a scam then someone should be able to attack it.




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