I have not looked into the Vietnam case but here's an report about how Costa Rica had not had a single case for 5 years until an unvaccinated french child presented at a hospital with the disease a few days ago.
https://boingboing.net/2019/02/25/tourism-brings-the-measles...
There might well be a different explanation for outbreaks in different places; I am certainly not asserting this as a universal causal factor.
Measles doesn't spontaneously appear within a community; it's brought in from the outside.