My personal belief is that they dont. Best they could achieve is trapping the ISP's sending mail server in Norway before the mail is encrypted but there is no capability to decrypt SSL without obtaining the keys.
They could still store metadata like sending IP address, timestamp etc.
Using foreign webmail via HTTPS would not be intercepted in any possible way. Unless they get support from the service provider in question. I think the service providers you mention will comply with law enforcement and give out your data. But those are isolated cases and mass data required by intelligence services is a different thing. National security letters are only for US Govt use and other governments have no access.
I also think legislation like this is years late now that about every protocol has encrypted variants and they don't get any meaningful results compared to the money spent.
They could still store metadata like sending IP address, timestamp etc.
Using foreign webmail via HTTPS would not be intercepted in any possible way. Unless they get support from the service provider in question. I think the service providers you mention will comply with law enforcement and give out your data. But those are isolated cases and mass data required by intelligence services is a different thing. National security letters are only for US Govt use and other governments have no access.
I also think legislation like this is years late now that about every protocol has encrypted variants and they don't get any meaningful results compared to the money spent.