It is rather astounding to me just how much depth of understanding Turing showed about things that were not known, studied, or conceived of during his lifetime, even in areas that are fairly unrelated to each other.
I think it wasn't just limited to turing! Several of the pioneers of mathematical computing showed astonishing foresight about how farreaching this new theory was. For example, here's Sydney Brenner talking about how much von Neumann understood about self-replication by 1950:
