Norway has a public number as well. It is used in part as identity, and for taxes and all that stuff. As far as identifacation goes:
1. Picture ID. For me, it is my passport or immigration card, and some folks have their pictures on their bank card as well, which works for ID.
2. For online transactions of various sorts and sometimes doing things at the bank, I have a little device that gives me numbers. This is issued from the bank, but is a national system. I use it along with my ID number and a password of my own choosing. This is done for things like purchases, banking, government websites that store my information (medical stuff, for example), the secure mailbox (government documents and things like that), and a doctor-patient thing.
3. Sometimes, a service will sent a SMS code as well as or instead of some of the above.
I think things like income and tax information are public here and I think your address is as well (I can't remember). There is also quite a bit more trust in the government as well.
Norway has a public number as well. It is used in part as identity, and for taxes and all that stuff. As far as identifacation goes:
1. Picture ID. For me, it is my passport or immigration card, and some folks have their pictures on their bank card as well, which works for ID.
2. For online transactions of various sorts and sometimes doing things at the bank, I have a little device that gives me numbers. This is issued from the bank, but is a national system. I use it along with my ID number and a password of my own choosing. This is done for things like purchases, banking, government websites that store my information (medical stuff, for example), the secure mailbox (government documents and things like that), and a doctor-patient thing.
3. Sometimes, a service will sent a SMS code as well as or instead of some of the above.
I think things like income and tax information are public here and I think your address is as well (I can't remember). There is also quite a bit more trust in the government as well.