Block Development Officer - Officer in charge of administering a block (a block in turn is a small administrative area typically a few villages).
SC - Scheduled Castes
ST - Scheduled Tribes
OBC - Other Backward Classes
SC, ST, OBC are different categorization of the castes.
Indian institutions (govt. jobs, colleges etc) have to offer atleast 49.5% seats to people belonging to these sections. This is kind of an affirmative action. This affirmative action is based on the archaic caste system and not on the something tangible like income. So quite often the rich people of these castes end up reaping the benefits. Because of this reason most of the intellectuals of India oppose such an affirmative action. Politicians still do it, because its a easy way to get votes.
Class IV employees - Employees under a particular government pay grade. The lowest grade in government pay scale. People in this grade form unions and assert their labour rights through frequent strikes.
Babus - may refer to either bureaucrats or the clerical staff in their office. Both are known to be admirers of red tape and corruption.
Those translations are handy but I think you kill the joke if you have to explain it. You have to know and have experienced the 'babu-culture' to appreciate the article, there's no way around it.
With less than 1% marriages inter-caste, they literally hate each other.
Since Economic mobility != Social mobility it is better for India to give autonomy to FC/BC/SC/ST/Minority regions with a single passport and currency across these regions.
Some of them are quite funny at their own. Like this one.
3. The default state of processes is “sleep” which is where they are found 95% of the time.
It's obviously meant as a joke, but if you think about it, your real processes in your real OS are (on average) going to spend even more time sleeping, and it's exactly what you want.