argh and it's a crappy analogy honestly.
There's no real deadlocks as far as cycles of dependencies on critical resources.
It's basically saying the stock market is a giant distributed system with a bunch of independent agents, which erm it is...
this analogy to threading just doesn't add anything, it's just the author's model for agents acting concurrently, threading is a low level OS thing not the fundamentals of concurrent action.
Minds are processes, reality is shared memory. Crashes happen under suitably bad conditions (e.g. WWII).
I don't see how this per se offers any real insight. You can apply the analogy to almost anything.