It's not quite a true single-gender planet, but Frank Herbert also wrote The White Plague [1], a story about a bioengineered plague that kills only women, set in more or less the present day on a copy of real Earth.
One of the scarier books I've read. For most science fiction, there's a clear reason why the events can't really happen, or at the very least, that some sort of massive breakthrough would be required (FTL, fusion, etc.) for the story to happen, or it's just so absurd or disconnected from my real day-to-day experience that it's not a real concern. I've got no such defense for this story, so even though I've read stories about things that are arguably more horrifying in the sense that there are more deaths or the deaths are more horrible or such, this book penetrated my psychological defenses like few others ever have. There's very little stopping it from happening now, and ever less every year. Usually the modern focus of the discussion is race-specific plagues, but (genetic) gender would probably not be that hard to nail either. Even if such a plague wasn't quite 100% accurate, it wouldn't matter much.
One of the scarier books I've read. For most science fiction, there's a clear reason why the events can't really happen, or at the very least, that some sort of massive breakthrough would be required (FTL, fusion, etc.) for the story to happen, or it's just so absurd or disconnected from my real day-to-day experience that it's not a real concern. I've got no such defense for this story, so even though I've read stories about things that are arguably more horrifying in the sense that there are more deaths or the deaths are more horrible or such, this book penetrated my psychological defenses like few others ever have. There's very little stopping it from happening now, and ever less every year. Usually the modern focus of the discussion is race-specific plagues, but (genetic) gender would probably not be that hard to nail either. Even if such a plague wasn't quite 100% accurate, it wouldn't matter much.
[1]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_White_Plague