Must We Mean What We Say? (1969)
The Claim of Reason: Wittgenstein, Skepticism, Morality, and Tragedy (1979) New York: Oxford University Press.
I would also second Russell's A Brief History of Western Philosophy. It's biased and weirdly shallow in some places, but written by a philosopher, so not a toothless compilation.
Obscure but made an impression on me: Ways of Worldmaking by Nelson Goodman.
If you can get through it: John Rawls's A Theory of Justice...an important book with a few very important ideas.
Stuff by Amartya Sen.
On philosophy of science, the historical narratives do the job I think, like The Sleepwalkers by Arthur Koestler (a great read once you get through the Greeks). You could read Thomas Kuhn, Feyerabend's autobiography "Killing Time" which is great, and if you're really serious read Peter Galison's stuff.
Finally, again, more history that pure philosophy but I really liked Wittgenstein's Vienna by Toulmin.
Must We Mean What We Say? (1969) The Claim of Reason: Wittgenstein, Skepticism, Morality, and Tragedy (1979) New York: Oxford University Press.
I would also second Russell's A Brief History of Western Philosophy. It's biased and weirdly shallow in some places, but written by a philosopher, so not a toothless compilation.
Obscure but made an impression on me: Ways of Worldmaking by Nelson Goodman.
If you can get through it: John Rawls's A Theory of Justice...an important book with a few very important ideas.
Stuff by Amartya Sen.
On philosophy of science, the historical narratives do the job I think, like The Sleepwalkers by Arthur Koestler (a great read once you get through the Greeks). You could read Thomas Kuhn, Feyerabend's autobiography "Killing Time" which is great, and if you're really serious read Peter Galison's stuff.
Finally, again, more history that pure philosophy but I really liked Wittgenstein's Vienna by Toulmin.