It sounds like you want a language like Haskell. Abstractions are based on mathematical (algebraic and category theoretic) abstractions with well-defined laws. The language has immutable semantics and admits equations reasoning. Using libraries like Dimensional has made me better at physics; many fields of physics play fast and loose with units and dimensions and aren't even aware of it.
I'm glad someone picked up on it! I've definitely picked "FP is the truth for astrophysics programming" as my hill to die on, but the issue with Haskell is it's combination of vernacular and tools that make it hard to approach for the novice scientific programmer. Almost all dedicated astrophysics programmers wind up using Fortran90, which is sorta the de facto due to it's imperative nature.
Modern Fortran is pretty awesome though; it has pure functions, it's fast, scales well, is easy to read and understand. Probably much more suited to most scientific fields than Haskell.
