It's interesting to compare this US survey with this one from a 2015 UK survey of 50,000 car users.
In summary, Japanese cars were deemed the most reliable and relatively cheap to maintain, while German cars were the least reliable according to the survey's respondents.
The rankings were calculated according to how often a car needed to be repaired, and the cost of the repairs.
I have a coworker with an Audi that spent months without driving. For some reason, it has 6(!) catalytic converters and multiple failed. The car refuses to drive if they are not working properly, so he had to save up to replace them all.
In summary, Japanese cars were deemed the most reliable and relatively cheap to maintain, while German cars were the least reliable according to the survey's respondents.
The rankings were calculated according to how often a car needed to be repaired, and the cost of the repairs.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-32332210