Does this include the CO2 emitted in the process of extracting and refining diesel/gasoline? Depending on the source of the oil (Canadian Tar sands vs Saudi Arabia), its carbon footprint can vary drastically.
That is true - but I believe that extraction and refining is a much bigger contributor to oil's footprint, compared to coal's. It is also far more variable.
To turn a barrel of tar sands oil into gasoline, for example, adds another ~230 pounds of CO2 to the atmosphere - in addition to the emissions from burning it. That's ~40 pounds/million BTU.
It almost costs us more energy to mine and refine tar sands oil, then we get out of burning it.
Looks good for the future of Methane Hydrate, of which undersea deposits could provide 6 centuries of power for our planet. Methane Hydrate is natural gas in a frozen water matrix.
Interesting idea. But its cold down there; take a lot of warming to have that problem?
Theoretically, meteor strikes may have exposed/breached a deposit sometime in history. So large releases probably happen from time to time. How would we know? What trace would these catastrophic methane releases leave in the geologic record?
Solar's at 13-731g is due to mixing a wide range of technology and calling it 'solar'. Solar thermal power plants are simply terrible designs that never really improved over time, and often include natural gas for nighttime operation.
So, in terms of installed capacity it's much closer to 13 and generally below nuclear.
Coal 228.6 - 205.7
Diesel fuel and heating oil 161.3
Gasoline 157.2
Propane 139.0
Natural gas 117.0
https://www.eia.gov/tools/faqs/faq.cfm?id=73&t=11