Fun facts, the patron of Almagest Abassid Caliph Al-Ma'mun was also the founder of Baitul Hikmah in Baghdad that was aggressively translating important foreign manuscripts due to weight gold equivalence for Greek/Indian/etc manucsripts translation compensation [1],[2].
According to history, the Caliph once back off his plan of conquering Constantinople (that were later achieved by Ottoman Caliph Fatih) due the Roman (Byzantine) offered him an offer he cannot refused, the original copy of Ptolemy Almagest as important part of the truce arrangements. He certainly capable of overcoming and conquering the Constatinople since during his time, Afghanistan was conquered under Islamic rule for hundred of years that modern Russia and USA cannot achieved. The fact that his mother Marajil, was a princess originally from Afghanistan. This is where the popular saying that asserted only Afghanistan people can conquer Afghanistan. Point in case, the most recent Afghanistan conqurer was Mughal Empire, who was originated from Indian sub-continent Afghanistan. During his time, Al-Khwarizmi published his infamous Algebra book namely Kitāb al-Mukhtaṣar fī Ḥisāb al-Jabr wal-Muqābalah (The Concise Book of Calculation by Restoration and Balancing), where we got the word algebra, and from his name Al-Khwarizmi now we have the word "algorithm" [2].
In addition to having translation Baitul Hikmah in Baghdad, Iraq and in other Islamic knowledge center in Toledo Spain (before fall to Spanish Christian and started the European Renaissance), the Islamic civilization also engaged in contributing to science, math, astronomy, etc. Al-Haitham (Alhazen), the founder of optics, and he's also the founder of modern scientific methodology [3].
Having said that, there several Islamic astronomers (Arab/Persian/etc) already proposing against the geocentric idea that most probably that was inspired Galileo. I think he most probably did not come with the original idea of heliocentric model and the Islamic astromoners mosy probably have proposed it before Galileo, but he failed to credit them properly as normally practiced by European scientists at the time.
Whether we like it or not, the only constant in life is change.
>What's the Excel of JSON
Ever heard of CUE that's compatible with JSON and YAML introduced by ex-Googlers? It seamlessly support both types and values, whereas Excel supports ephemeral values [1].
Both CUE and original Excel are non-Turing complete so they don't have the notorious and tricky halting problem.
Someone need to seamlessly integrate LLM with CUE, its NLP deterministic distant cousin based on lattice-valued logic [2],[3].
Truth be told LLM are like the automated loom machine during 19th CE Britain that kick started the industrial revolution. Heck the Toyota conglomerate was once the pioneer of the modern automated loom manufacturer, and looks where they are now after embracing change and pivoted to vehicle manufacturing.
The automated loom machine commoditize the manual looming industry (not unlike modern software engineering) to its oblivion in India, that turned the rich Moghul India with the highest GDP in the whole wide world into the lowest GDP for India during colonial time (include Indian sub-continent namely Afghanistan, Pakistan and Bangladesh here if you want apple to apple comparison) [4].
Ignore LLM at your peril in the name of so-called moral authenticity/forgery/lie/etc, and you can go the way of 20th CE India and its sub-continent, settling only at a fraction of its Moghul empire in term of GDP at its very peak.
> Is there a standard CRDT-like protocol for syncing editable graphs yet?
It's for other HN comments but spoiler alert it's called D4M by the nice folks from MIT [5]. We probably don't need full CRDT, local-first capability with eventual consistency will be more than suffice for most things that are of importance.
"There is a five-step process that has been used, with minor variations, to sell every major product and policy of the last century. It works for breakfast. It works for engagement rings. It works for regime change wars.
1. Simplify. Reduce a complicated reality to one sentence. No qualifiers.
2. Find the emotional lever - and make it visual. The best simple stories aren’t sentences. They’re images. A cocktail on the beach. A vial held up to the light. A mushroom cloud over a city. The image arrives before the critical mind can engage.
3. Route through authority. Doctors, institutions, heads of state. The claim doesn’t need to be true. It needs to come from someone trusted.
4. Make questioning it feel wrong. Frame the story so that scepticism looks like moral failure.
5. Act before verification. By the time anyone checks the facts, the action is irreversible.
This process was first documented in 1928 by a man named Edward Bernays, in a book titled _Propaganda. He later rebranded the concept as “public relations,” which was itself a masterclass in the discipline he was naming."
Fine tuning does not make a model any smaller. It can make a smaller model more effective at a specific task, but a larger model with the same architecture fine-tuned on the same dataset will always be more capable in a domain as general as programming or software design. Of course, as architecture and related tooling improves the smallest model that is "good enough" will continue to get smaller.
I have no affiliation with the website, but the website is pretty neat if you are learning LLM internals.
It explains:
Tokenization, Embedding, Attention, Loss & Gradient, Training, Inference and comparison to "Real GPT"
Pretty nifty. Even if you are not interested in the Korean language
By "modified" this person of course means that they swapped out the list of X0,000 names from English to Korean names. That is seemingly the only change.
The attached website is a fully ai-generated "visualization" based on the original blog post with little added.
Genuine question, why is it very difficult even with our 21st century technology to accurately detect landmines for the purpose of destroying them after the war?
In order to be effective landmines need to be very close to the land surface thus should be easier enough to detect. Researcher in Japan has succesfully detect using low power radar sub-surface bamboo shoots since they are more expensive than bamboo shoots that are already grown over land surface.
For safe and fast detection mechanism close to the ground aerial UAV can be deploy to scan the the suspected land mine area.
Something is missing and don't add up here, perhaps someone can help explain the situations?
>Accurate and low latency attitude estimation is critical for stable flight of the flapping-wing platform. We implemented a quaternion-based Madgwick filter (80) on the ESP32-S3 (dual-core 240 MHz with floating-point unit) to fuse IMU measurements in real time. This approach was selected for its low computational cost, fast convergence, and robustness under dynamic motion, outperforming complementary filters in accuracy and avoiding the high complexity and matrix operations of extended Kalman filters.
Bravo, quaternion is the (only) way to go, the sooner UAV/UAS system designer realize this the better.
You can chain normalized quaternions to combine or diff transformations. For example you can subtract desired attitude quaternion from predicted attitude quaternion to get attitude error quaternion which you can then feed to control algs designed for driving that error to zero. This is even more important when multiple frames of reference are involved as quaternions can be used to transform between them.
According to history, the Caliph once back off his plan of conquering Constantinople (that were later achieved by Ottoman Caliph Fatih) due the Roman (Byzantine) offered him an offer he cannot refused, the original copy of Ptolemy Almagest as important part of the truce arrangements. He certainly capable of overcoming and conquering the Constatinople since during his time, Afghanistan was conquered under Islamic rule for hundred of years that modern Russia and USA cannot achieved. The fact that his mother Marajil, was a princess originally from Afghanistan. This is where the popular saying that asserted only Afghanistan people can conquer Afghanistan. Point in case, the most recent Afghanistan conqurer was Mughal Empire, who was originated from Indian sub-continent Afghanistan. During his time, Al-Khwarizmi published his infamous Algebra book namely Kitāb al-Mukhtaṣar fī Ḥisāb al-Jabr wal-Muqābalah (The Concise Book of Calculation by Restoration and Balancing), where we got the word algebra, and from his name Al-Khwarizmi now we have the word "algorithm" [2].
In addition to having translation Baitul Hikmah in Baghdad, Iraq and in other Islamic knowledge center in Toledo Spain (before fall to Spanish Christian and started the European Renaissance), the Islamic civilization also engaged in contributing to science, math, astronomy, etc. Al-Haitham (Alhazen), the founder of optics, and he's also the founder of modern scientific methodology [3].
Having said that, there several Islamic astronomers (Arab/Persian/etc) already proposing against the geocentric idea that most probably that was inspired Galileo. I think he most probably did not come with the original idea of heliocentric model and the Islamic astromoners mosy probably have proposed it before Galileo, but he failed to credit them properly as normally practiced by European scientists at the time.
[1] al-Ma'mun:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Ma%27mun
[2] Graeco-Arabic translation movement:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graeco-Arabic_translation_move...
[3] Ibn al-Haytham:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibn_al-Haytham
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