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Every prior analysis we found asked "what key decrypts these ciphers?" So I asked Claude to flip it: "how would you fake one sitting at a desk in the 1800s?", then we simulated six construction methods and found the match.

The hoaxer encoded nonsense letters by scanning forward through a physical printing of the Declaration of Independence.

The smoking gun: both ciphers' max values land on exact page boundaries of a 4-page octavo (p ≈ 0.0001), they never once reference the 11 words that spill past the last page break, AND they got sloppier as each encoding session wore on, something no hoaxer would ever think to deliberately reproduce.


Signal is in the monitoring space rather then cyber security.. still a relevant point though.. monitoring is very overlooked


Splunk is a cyber security company.


I thought it was log aggregation and search.


Splunk is a platform for log aggregation and search. There are use cases (apps) built on top of it which include infrastructure monitoring and cybersecurity.


They have an 'Enterprise Security' product sitting on their platform which is pretty powerful and a fairly big player in this space.


I'm not sure, I only just saw the notice RightInbox provided on their blog. Boomerang provides an almost identical service with a few varying features.

It seems a little far fetched that there is a patent on the feature of email tracking. I can only presume it was how they delivered the product.

Hopefully we'll see them bounce back using another method.


So the balloons just float on the air channels 20km up and presumably circulate around world? I can imagine problems coming up with some countries objecting to these being over their airspace.


So the question, then, is how high do you need to go before you're no longer in a country's airspace?


As far as I know there is no international agreement on this. Altitude can vary from 30Km to 160Km.

Most countries seem to claim somewhere between 70Km and 100Km as their airspace.

If someone has more details on this, it's very welcome.


This master's thesis from 2005 ("The Vertical Limit of State Sovereignty") has a fairly comprehensive account of the history and present state of international law in this area:

http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA436627


I'm familiar with that. And the guy proposes 22Km as the limit.

Besides, a lot has changed in the use of airspace and space in the last 8 years.

Yet, I don't know of any authoritative source for the actual current claims of most countries.


Barbells are simply bigger and heavier dumbbells. However most dumbbells in the context the comment was referring to aren't heavy enough to actively engage the stabilizing muscles to any great effect.

The exercise also makes a big difference. Doing chest flys with dumbbells may feel like you are using a lot of stabilizers but actually you are no where near using as many as a free standing squat.

And of course you're using bigger muscles when doing more compound exercises so correspondingly the weight have to be bigger. I believe that's why in general most people would say barbells > dumbbells.


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