> At this time, Bloom filter was not even called Bloom filter. In his paper, Douglas calls it a “superimposed code scheme”.
A Bloom filter is a specific type of superimposed code.
Calvin Mooers developed random (1) superimposed coding in his Master's thesis at MIT back in the 1940s, directly influenced by Shannon's work.
Bourne's superb 1963 book "Methods of Information Handling" gives details of the mathematics.
I've no doubt Douglas knew about the broader technique, which, for example, the author of "The Large Data Base File Structure Dilemma" (1975) at http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci60001a005 described as "an old technique called super-imposed coding".
(1) The "random" is an important qualifier because there were superimposed codes predating Mooers, but they were not mathematically interesting or all that practically important.
There is no excuse for schools being so badly organized that this is a problem. It certainly was not a problem when I was at school in the '60s and early '70s. All the books I needed fitted in a briefcase. It also was not a big problem for my children going to school in Norway between 1990 and 2015.
But children should also be taught how to carry backpacks properly, not unbalanced on one shoulder.
I'm not disagreeing with you. But given silisili's lived experience of dealing with 30lb backpacks, chrisco255's statement about that being 'good for you' is simply not correct, unless perhaps that kid is a high school football player weighing 200+ lbs.
Also, only nerds and dweebs use both shoulder straps.
Rather, I don't think it's a simple matter of education, given that there are also social pressures involved.
My eldest doesn't like the computers they have in grade 2 (in Sweden). He thinks the things installed on them are too boring and easy. He would rather read books.
Thing is, the school doesn't have a staff librarian any more. As I understand it, they got rid of that position as part of the cost shifting to switch to digital.
My sister is a librarian in Sweden and used to work in schools. She was very upset by this. Fortunately, the government is backpedaling and bringing them back[1]
While if you don't want to sign a contract with a foreign IT company in order to access those government services online, you have a lot of extra work ahead of you which used to be a lot easier.
Like, my eldest's school stopped using paper notices two years ago, and this month will switch to an app-only notification system, while I have no smartphone and in any the government can't force me into a contract where I would give up privacy rights just to have a kid in school. ... I hope.
So, paper and in-person visits for me, and some online purchasing banks (Klarna) don't support non-BankID 2FA, and a regular transit card.
And as of yesterday, school messages sent by email. We'll see how that works out.
I have a friend of mine (here in Sweden) who is very bad at keeping track of the money in her account. She prefers using cash because that way show knows exactly what she has.
As for edge cases, the city I live in does provide a service to help retired people who have a bank account (and bank card) but no smartphone, and who need a way to pay for services like grocery delivery which are smartphone-only. (They have some method to turn it into a giro payment, but I don't know the details.)
I go to history events held monthly at the downtown library, in the afternoons. That means it's mostly retirees and me (it's an advantage of being self-employed and often, like now, working while at the library).
They ask for 20 kronor for fika. While the organizers accept Swish, the large majority of attendees pay in cash.
I am a Swedish citizen living in Sweden. I pay as much as I can in cash.
What the article didn't mention is the payments system Swish requires an Android or Apple phone, and the electronic ID mentioned requires one of those phone OSes or a Microsoft or Apple desktop OS.
There is no solution for those who don't want sign a contract with a US IT giant, or those who want better privacy, or those who only want to use free software. Remember too that every single one of those US companies is required to follow US surveillance laws.
Bank cards are an option (though several places are SWIFT-only), but they depend on having a bank account, and the banks depend on SWIFT, which the US controls.
Last year the US designated two white-supremacist Swedes as international terrorists, as well as their organization, which meant they all lost bank access, and therefore digital id. See https://www.etc.se/inrikes/efter-terrorklassningen-svenska-b... (requires subscription), translation here:
> One of the leaders classified as a terrorist, a 50-year-old man, name not given, says to [the local radio service] that his bank account and card have stopped working. He says he left [the white-supremacist organization] 1 and 1/2 years ago.
> "It's completely crazy [...] I haven't done any crime."
It doesn't matter if you agree with the classification or not. What's wrong is that Sweden has decided to use a system of electronic payments and identification which is so completely dependent on the US that a foreign country can have such intimate control over a Swedish citizen living in Sweden.
It doesn't even need to be terrorism. Google or Apple can decide to close your account at any time, without appeal. The Swedish courts cannot order them to re-enable it.
Think about those two cases as the EU mulls over so-called "Chat Control", with strong support by the Swedish government.
Flip it over - the dependency on three large US companies makes it almost impossible to boycott those companies, no matter how bad they are or might be. And they are bad.
The lack of cash payment also limits what my kids can do on their own - much more than when I was a kid. Want to play mini-golf? Need a bank card or Swish. Want to go swimming? Need a bank card or Swish. At least the ice cream place accepts cash, but they don't provide change so you better have the exact amount.
Yes, kids can get a bank card, but while I'm fine giving my 8-year-old 100 kronor / $10 for a day out on his own, he still loses his library card, forgets his gloves, etc - I don't think he's yet able to keep track of a bank card, much less a smartphone from a company I don't trust.
And unlike a can with money, you can't look at a card to figure out how much is available.
> There is no solution for those who don't want sign a contract with a US IT giant, or those who want better privacy, or those who only want to use free software.
What advantage would that have over what my bank currently offers to kids? How does it address "I don't think he's yet able to keep track of a bank card, much less a smartphone from a company I don't trust."?
How will I, as a parent without a smartphone, manage my kids' account?
FWIW, I live two floors above the main branch in the city for my bank.
I have deep distrust of anything like frequent flier miles and store memberships as I know they are bribing me with my own money and/or building up a persona to try and sell me more, so seeing "RevPoints" marketing on their home page triggers alarm bells in my head. It means they are building on a system which is already extracting too much money from customers, so we need stronger regulations limiting the excess overhead.
I have no idea about your bank offerings, but compared to _my_ bank Revolut had much fewer hoops to jump through when opening a child's account. As for being able to keep track - it depends on what "keep track" means for you. It is not possible to understand how much money is left by just looking at the card, and having the account costs some fee (quite small to me and I have my "main" account anyway), but the card itself is free and it is possible to block it (unlike a lost 100SEK banknote). And it seems possible to manage accounts through a web browser (assuming you are not completely against using a computer).
If I'm not mistaken, the decades of economic liberalism and dismantling of social support systems has made a lot of people very worried about their future, and as usual the rich and powerful blame immigrants (or some other weak minority group) as a slight-of-hand to distract from the actual issues.
Just because two things cause problems, that doesn't mean they are equally problematic.
Like, it took over a year to build the new storm sewer system in town. It caused problems, like having blocked off roads and sidewalks and construction noise.
Yet I wouldn't equate that to the systemic problems in the rail system caused by privatization while also over-funding the road network.
this is true, but equally just because something is less problematic does not mean it should not be fixed. stopping elites abusing society is a fairly intractable problem. shutting the borders to societies with pre-modern values is not
A Bloom filter is a specific type of superimposed code.
Calvin Mooers developed random (1) superimposed coding in his Master's thesis at MIT back in the 1940s, directly influenced by Shannon's work.
Bourne's superb 1963 book "Methods of Information Handling" gives details of the mathematics.
I've no doubt Douglas knew about the broader technique, which, for example, the author of "The Large Data Base File Structure Dilemma" (1975) at http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ci60001a005 described as "an old technique called super-imposed coding".
(1) The "random" is an important qualifier because there were superimposed codes predating Mooers, but they were not mathematically interesting or all that practically important.
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