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From the article: "it is not about preventing the ink drying on the nib."


Also from the article:

> "In addition to help prevent the pen from leaking, [...]"

So maybe the hole somehow prevents leaks, which would prevent drying in the sense of no more ink :) Maybe it prevents leaks by making the ink at the tip dry out.


The lid prevents leaks by acting as a physical gap between the ball and whatever it would write/leak on :)

Imagine putting a pen, ball down, into a breast pocket with vs without a lid


I grew up in rural New Zealand, on a dairy farm. I agree that the needs of suburban and rural communities are very different from the needs of urban communities, but what confuses me is why Americans (and increasingly, Kiwis) need a vehicle the size of a Dodge Ram rather than one the size of a 1990 HiLux ute [1].

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ute_(vehicle)#/media/File:1990...


Let me help you with that. They don't. If 1 in 50 1500 owners ever hook the thing up to anything heavier than a utility trailer (these can cheerfully be towed by a VW golf) I'll kiss your ass. They're also bullshit for hauling materials since a big chunk of the cargo space got eaten by the now pervasive luxury full sized back seat. The following is an abridged list of tells that a truck owner would be better off with a station wagon:

- the wheel wells are clean

- it's got a tonneau cover on

- no hitch receiver, it's empty, or there's no rust on the ball

- aftermarket anything (lights, step bumpers, lift kit, etc

- no dents, major scratches, or foreign materials on the bed or tailgate

Full disclosure: I have a Dodge 1500 in the driveway right now. In my defense the used truck market is fucking insane, I got this basically new for 60% of what a thoroughly used mid-sized truck would have cost me, and I actually do construction and timber work so the thing gets worked.


The best of all, the bed of their truck is spotless with no scratches meaning at most those trucks just carry grocery bags.


Back in Sacramento I saw a 1500 with a decal of mud on their shiny spotless truck. They went out of their way to announce how useless the vehicle actually was.


I half fit in this.

Mine is also used to haul a bed full of gravel when my drive needs repair or dirt for lawn correction. Not to mention I have a family.

Rear facing child seats while being 6 feet tall. Most cars I've tested don't support this. (Prius) Or no children can sit behind me because my front seat is sitting so close to the back seat that legs don't fit between. (Camero/Mustang)

Camry and Pasat seem to work, but warranties wouldn't cover things like bad child safety locks.... Not to mention, you can't haul things like gravel. =/


How frequently does your driveway need new gravel that you are justifying a vehicle for that purpose? Do you transport gravel more frequently for your driveway than your children?

You go from full truck down to flat cars, completely ignoring the vehicles in between like soft-roader SUVS or the venerable minivan. Does none of these vehicles meet your people carrying needs?


We have an SUV also and that does pretty well for children and shopping. We need 2 vehicles as jobs are different directions and I bought the most fuel efficient small truck (colorado) on the market at the time of purchase (which is more fuel efficient that the SUV we have, by 2-10 MPG).

The gravel isn't for the driveway, but the road. However, we have hauled gravel for flower beds. It's about time to replace fence and some wood around the garage.

No, I don't haul daily or monthly, but more like quarterly and as-needed. (Tillers, Lawn mowers for example)


I went down a similar path where I considered getting a pickup for hauling the occasional project material around. I ended up with a hatchback that covers 90% of use cases. The other 10% I can just rent a truck for a few hours to cover.

People pay double (or more) for gas every year so they can drive around an empty bed and maybe save $50 on a rental once a year.


> what confuses me is why Americans (and increasingly, Kiwis) need a vehicle the size of a Dodge Ram rather than one the size of a 1990 HiLux ute

Well depends what you need to do with, of course.

A quick search suggests that this Toyota can tow 3300lb (if the trailer has its own brakes, or only 1650lb if not).

So if you need to tow more than that, it won't work. 3300lb is very little, even our tiny (19ft) and light travel trailer is over 4000lb.

Of course, what is silly is the people with trucks that are never used to tow or carry anything heavier than a bicycle!


The reality is that many people with a Ram are towing toys (boats, ATVs, etc) or, as you say, a travel trailer, not a work trailer. Which brings us to the question of need vs want.

Plus, if work vehicles became lighter, work trailers would be forced to as well.


> Plus, if work vehicles became lighter, work trailers would be forced to as well.

Try shopping for utility trailers. Anything affordable is very heavy steel & lumber. You can get light(er) trailers in aluminum but the price is much higher. I've never actually seen a contractor with one of those, too expensive.

And of course there is all the materials & equipment they're towing on it for the job. How do you suggest any of that become lighter?


> Well depends what you need to do with, of course.

given your example it's "want", not "need"

> 3300lb is very little, even our tiny (19ft) and light travel trailer is over 4000lb

Quick googling tells me that most European caravans are sub 1500kg / 3300lb, even the more spacious ones, "very little" and "tiny" are really subjective


> given your example it's "want", not "need"

Yes, how is this relevant? "Wants" are what drive humanity forward, not mere subsistence.

> Quick googling tells me that most European caravans are sub 1500kg / 3300lb, even the more spacious ones

Can you post a few links? Tried to find the most popular travel trailer models in Europe but not finding a good list.

Unless you're building the whole thing from carbon fiber, anything spacious is necessarily going to have some weight.


> anything spacious is

Ha, so it's spacious, not tiny and very little anymore...

Here's what seems to be the biggest one of that random brand well ranked on Google, 1330kg: https://www.caravelair-caravans.com/models/exclusive-line-58...


> Ha, so it's spacious, not tiny and very little anymore...

Playing gotcha word games is not the HN ethos.

To clarify, you brought up spacious travel trailers:

> most European caravans are sub 1500kg / 3300lb, even the more spacious ones

In contrast, the one I own is very small at 19ft, as mentioned upthread.


No, it says face due east and travel in a straight line. Sure, the wording could have been clearer, but you're seeing misdirection that isn't there.


A straight line would extend into space.


San Francisco owes its growth as a city to the fact that the Bay provides a connection between the Sierras (and their goldfields) and the Pacific Ocean.

Regarding Boston, the interesting thing is that it used to be connected to the Merrimack via the Middlesex Canal. My understanding is that this is silted up now (which you presumably already know) but it shows how many more connections we used to have.


I've watched this being built and it's been really cool seeing how well SolidJS works. I was initially dubious ("No one gets fired for picking React", right?) but it seems like it made for really easy development.

How hard would it be to add a choropleth view showing metrics such as 1-year 24-hour depth across the globe?


Thanks! Chloropeths of extreme depths in the map page is a good idea actually.


I believe this implements an exact object type in Typescript:

    type Exactly<Candidate, Shape> = Shape & {
        [key in keyof Candidate]: key extends keyof Shape ? Shape[key] : never;
    };
Credit goes to Manan Tank: https://twitter.com/MananTank_/status/1677610004743086080


No, it doesn't.

It can't be represented in TypeScript type system.

You can't create utility type to have it.

Have a look at Flow docs [0] if you want to learn more.

His utility type works on diff between two provided types, this is something else.

Exact object type is a kind of type which doesn't allow extra, undeclared properties to be used for it to be satisfied.

You can't emulate it if it's not supported by type system.

The whole thing is implemented way better in Flow than TypeScript, ie. spreads map to how runtime treats them, this is also not something TypeScript can represent and Flow supports.

Also opaque types have first class support and many other things.

[0] https://flow.org/en/docs/types/objects/#exact-and-inexact-ob...


This was written by Alon Levy, who is deep in the weeds of transport infrastructure and was writing for a technical audience. The habitual readers of their blog will easily interpret this as "Why commuters prefer transfers at the origin rather than transfers at the destination". This is the same conclusion that will be reached by readers who have never read Alon's blog before but do in fact read the first sentence of the post.

Clearly, Alon's title uses wonkish terminology and would have benefited from a title that was more easily understood by people unfamiliar with the field. I think it's fair to say that you're not the target audience.


I read Alton‘a blog all the time and just didn’t understand the linked blog post at all. I think it was just poorly written.


If you read Alon's blog all the time you could have noticed his name isn't Alton.


It’s an autocorrect typo, and if we are ruling on Alon trivia, Alon doesn’t go by “him” last I checked.


Allow me to comment how it is not technically accurate to "tag" the the Berlin S-Bahn or the Paris RER as "Europe".

I would say that those (together with very few other largish cities) are the exception and not the rule in Europe.


I recently changed jobs in Melbourne (senior frontend developer). I was told by multiple different people that the average market salary has dropped by about 5-10k since this time last year, but I didn't struggle to get interviews and I was able to accept an offer for what was apparently last year's market salary. Some of the larger companies weren't hiring but in general the market seemed pretty steady.


What is considered a good SFE salary in Sydney now? Thanks!


During the pandemic I was regularly seeing $170k AUD ($116k usd) + super (10% pension contributions) + equity if available, fully remote or 1-2 days a week in the office for senior/staff/principal roles.

I’m now not actively looking but when I’ve had a quick browse on LinkedIn I’m seeing similar jobs now advertised at $140-150k. All now marked as “Hybrid” or must be in the office, remote has backtracked massively. Looking at the Hybrid definition a lot say 3-4 days in the office.

For senior / staff / principal roles I won’t look at them if less than $170k which is still a huge pay cut on my current role, admittedly I got lucky with.


You're missing the fact that most courses (i.e. the ones that aren't wildly successful) have a large upfront cost. The marginal cost might be a tiny fraction of the price, but that doesn't necessarily translate to a profitable enterprise overall.

You can see the same effect with railways and aeroplanes. There's definitely plenty of operational costs, but the capital costs are relatively high so you want to keep your capital goods (the railways/trains/planes) active all the time even if you only make a tiny profit on each service. However, these businesses often only pan out if they can attract high-margin customers (e.g. business class flyers).


Why isn't it fair for the author to be the one who receives the marginal value that they created? They were the ones who created the course, and that course would not have existed for anyone if they put the effort in to build it. Anyone else can do it, but they are the ones who did.

To my eyes it seems very fair to offer a product at (appromimately) the same real price for everyone in the world, and let people choose whether or not to buy it.

And for what it's worth, commodities are also priced at what the market can bear, not at their marginal cost of production. It's just that competition pushes those prices down very close to the marginal cost. This course has competition too, in the form of all the other articles and tutorials that are available free on the internet. It's not like this course is the only gate to otherwise-inaccessible knowledge.


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