How about reading the entire Json document out of the database, making a copy of that document, updating the copy, and saving that copy to the database...
Is how someone on my old team designed an internal tool
Is this not how you update a JSON column on a db that doesn't have (or you choose to not use for reasons) a native JSON type with a sprinkling of data should be immutable?
One team in my company insists on storing everything related to a target in an MB-size Elasticsearch document and then do all the aggregation client-side, because they already use ES for everything else and don't know how to use a relational database.
Is how someone on my old team designed an internal tool