The body learns associations. There are reproducible experiments with rats who develop a liking for chalk water after sugar is added to it; and it takes them a couple of weeks to stop liking it when sugar is out.
There are some experiments showing the same is true with humans, with a time constant of 3-6 weeks.
From memory, relevant papers are from Michel cabanac. Seth Robert’s “what makes food fattening” is a great overview of related results, whether or nit you agree with his take.
Are you sure about that? If the body could truly learn on such fast turnaround times, we wouldn't have an obesity epidemic, I think.